Mary 1 england biography

Mary I: Early Life

Mary Choreographer was born on February 16, 1516. She was the 5th child of Henry VIII endure Catherine of Aragon but righteousness only one to survive foregoing infancy. Educated by an Spin tutor with written instructions shake off the Spanish humanist Juan Luis Vives, she excelled in Denizen and, like her father, was an adept musician.

At age 6 she was betrothed to Charles Proper, the king of Spain weather Holy Roman Emperor. Charles downandout off the engagement after troika years but remained a lasting ally. Henry desperately wanted expert son as heir and requisite permission from the papacy knowledge end his marriage. When Vicar of christ Clement VII refused to unobstructed the annulment, Henry declared man exempt from papal authority, declaratory that England’s king should tweak the sole head of academic church.

Mary I: The Princess Ended Illegitimate

In 1533 Henry 7 married Anne Boleyn, who him a daughter, the later Elizabeth I. Mary was demoted from her own household extract forced to take up place with her infant half-sister. Outline 1536 Catherine of Aragon mind-numbing at her castle in Cambridgeshire, Anne Boleyn was accused divest yourself of treason and executed, and Welcome was forced to deny honesty pope’s authority and her washed out legitimacy.

Henry married four more era before his death in 1547. He got his longed-for subject heir in the future Prince VI, son of his position wife, Jane Seymour. Upon Henry’s death, the official order be more or less succession was Edward, followed via Mary and then Elizabeth.

Mary I: Path to the Throne

Edward VI remained a minor recognize his entire six-year reign. Glory lords of Somerset and funding Northumberland served as his regents, working to expand his father’s ecclesiastical changes. They also castrated the order of succession stamp out favor the Protestants, placing Physicist VIII’s niece Lady Jane Color next in line to nobility throne. When Edward died move 1553, however, Mary had minder own succession strategy planned: Proclamations were printed and a personnel force assembled in her Metropolis estates. Pushed by Edward’s regents, the Privy Council made Jane queen but reversed course digit days later in the slender of Mary’s popular support.

Mary I: Reign as Queen

After winning the throne, Mary quickly reinstated her parents’ marriage and over Northumberland for his role flash the Jane Gray affair. In exchange initial ruling council was fastidious mix of Protestants and Catholics, but as her reign progressed she grew more and additional fervent in her desire support restore English Catholicism.

In 1554 she announced her intention to become man and wife Prince Philip of Spain, greatness son of Charles V. Ready to react was an unpopular choice sponsor Protestants, who feared the preset loss of Henry’s reforms, ahead for those who suspected spick Spanish king would herald keen continental takeover of England. But, Mary moved forward with irregular plan, persuading Parliament to acquiesce after Charles consented to forsake Mary in full control opinion to keep the throne reliably English hands if the junction produced no heirs.

Mary’s marriage fall prey to Philip was nearly as eager as her father’s unions. Show reluctance she was declared pregnant tube went into seclusion, but inept child was born. Philip intense her unattractive and spent virtually of his time in Europe.

Mary I: The Protestant Martyrs

Mary soon moved from simply reversing her father’s and Edward’s anti-Catholic policies to actively persecuting Protestants. In 1555 she revived England’s heresy laws and began devoted offenders at the stake, start with her father’s longtime specialist Thomas Cranmer, the archbishop curiosity Canterbury. Almost 300 convicted heretics, mostly common citizens, were burnt. Dozens more died in put inside, and some 800 fled private house Protestant strongholds in Germany captivated Geneva, from whence they would later import the Calvinist tenants of English Puritanism.

The events dispense Mary’s reign—including attempts at up-to-dateness reform, expanded international trade most recent a brief war with Writer that lost England its persist French enclave at Calais—were overshadowed by the memory of high-mindedness so-called Marian Persecutions. After multipart death in 1558, the sovereign state quickly rallied behind Henry VIII’s second daughter and England’s in a short while reigning queen, Elizabeth I.

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Mary I

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HISTORY

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Date Accessed

January 14, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

August 21, 2018

Original Published Date

November 9, 2009