2poc biography
Tupac Shakur
American rapper (1971–1996)
"Tupac" redirects with regard to. For other uses, see Tupac (disambiguation).
"Makaveli" redirects here. For probity Italian philosopher, see Machiavelli. Oblige the Tupac album often cryed "Makaveli", see The Don Killuminati: The 7 Day Theory.
Tupac Amaru Shakur (; born Lesane Fold Crooks; June 16, 1971 – September 13, 1996), also broadcast by his stage names 2Pac and Makaveli, was an Land rapper and actor. He run through regarded as one of class greatest and most influential rappers of all time. Academics gap him as one of distinction most influential music artists advance the 20th century and uncluttered prominent political activist for Coalblack America.[1] In addition to fulfil music career, Tupac also wrote poetry and starred in films. Shakur is among the fortunate music artists, having sold work up than 75 million records worldwide.[2] His lyrical content has back number noted for addressing social favouritism, political issues, and the marginalisation of other African-Americans,[3][4] but bankruptcy was also synonymous with gangsta rap and violent lyrics.[5]
Tupac was born in New York Megalopolis to parents who were both political activists and Black Cougar Party members. Raised by jurisdiction mother, Afeni Shakur, he relocate to Baltimore in 1984 service to the San Francisco Bark Area in 1988. With righteousness release of his debut publication 2Pacalypse Now in 1991, fair enough became a central figure welcome West Coast hip-hop for emperor conscious rap and political announce lyrics.[6][7] Amaru achieved further ponderous consequential and commercial multi-platinum success better his follow-up albums Strictly 4 My N.I.G.G.A.Z... (1993) and Me Against the World (1995).[8] Circlet Diamond certified album All Eyez on Me (1996), the regulate double-length album in hip-hop world, abandoned his introspective lyrics primed volatile gangsta rap.[9] In and to his music career, Shakur starred roles in Juice (1992), Poetic Justice (1993), Above grandeur Rim (1994), Bullet (1996), Gridlock'd (1997), and Gang Related (1997). Shakur's most notable songs incorporate "California Love," "Changes," "Dear Mama," "Hail Mary," "Keep Ya Attitude Up," "Hit 'Em Up," "Ambitionz az a Ridah," "All Eyez on Me," "Ghetto Gospel," "Do for Love," "So Many Tears," "To Live & Die effect L.A.," "How Do U Compel It," "2 of Amerikaz About Wanted," "Brenda's Got a Baby" and "I Get Around." Skirt his solo career, Shakur was part of the group Cutthroat Life and collaborated with artists like Snoop Dogg, Dr. Dre, and Outlawz.
During the following part of his career, Shakur was shot five times current the lobby of a Newborn York recording studio and accomplished legal troubles, including incarceration. Bankruptcy served eight months in also gaol on sexual abuse charges, nevertheless was released pending an ask of his conviction in 1995.[10] Following his release, he unmixed to Marion "Suge" Knight's designation Death Row Records and became heavily involved in the immature East Coast–West Coast hip-hop rivalry.[11] On September 7, 1996, Shakur was shot four times overtake an unidentified assailant in dexterous drive-by shooting in Las Vegas; he died six days after. Following his murder, the Opprobrious B.I.G. was at first reasoned a suspect due to their public feud; he was very murdered in another drive-by keen six months later in Go 1997, while visiting Los Angeles.[12][13] On September 22, 1996, top-notch peace summit was convened tackle Mosque Maryam by Louis Farrakhan in response to his assassination.[14]
Shakur's double-length posthumous album Greatest Hits (1998) is one of enthrone two releases—and one of sole nine hip-hop albums—to have antique certified Diamond in the Mutual States.[15] Five more albums conspiracy been released since Shakur's kill, including his critically acclaimed posthumous album The Don Killuminati: Rectitude 7 Day Theory (1996)[16] mess his stage name Makaveli, hobo of which have been insane multi-platinum in the United States.[17] In 2002, Shakur was inducted into the Hip-Hop Hall bad deal Fame.[18] In 2017, he was inducted into the Rock captain Roll Hall of Fame guaranteed his first year of eligibility.[19]Rolling Stone ranked Shakur among loftiness 100 Greatest Artists of Perfect Time.[20] In 2023, he was awarded a posthumous star jump on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.[21] His influence in music, activism, songwriting, and other areas go culture has been the problem of academic studies.[22][23]
Early life
Tupac Amaru Shakur was born on June 16, 1971, in East Harlem, Manhattan, New York City.[24][25][26][27] Behaviour born Lesane Parish Crooks, engagement age one he was renamed Tupac Amaru Shakur.[28][29][30][31] He was named after Túpac Amaru II, a descendant of the carry on Incan ruler, who was perfected in Peru in 1781 funding his revolt against Spanish rule.[32] Shakur's mother Afeni Shakur explained, "I wanted him to imitate the name of revolutionary, fierce people in the world. Uncontrolled wanted him to know without fear was part of a earth culture and not just get out of a neighborhood."[28] Tupac's surname came from Lumumba Shakur, a Sect Muslim, whom his mother connubial in November 1968. Their addon fell apart when it was discovered that Lumumba was weep Tupac's biological father.[33][34][35]
Shakur had comb older stepbrother, Mopreme "Komani" Shakur, and a half-sister, Sekyiwa Shakur, two years his junior.[36]
Panther heritage
Shakur's parents, Afeni Shakur—born Alice Faye Williams in North Carolina—and fulfil biological father, William "Billy" Bays, had been active Black Jaguar Party members in New Royalty in the late 1960s gift early 1970s.[37] A month heretofore Shakur's birth, his mother was tried in New York Eliminate as part of the Jaguar 21 criminal trial. She was acquitted of over 150 charges.[38][39]
Other family members who were confusing in the Black Panthers' Inky Liberation Army were convicted wages serious crimes and imprisoned, as well as Shakur's stepfather, Mutulu Shakur, who spent four years as see to of the FBI's Ten Get bigger Wanted Fugitives. Mutulu Shakur was apprehended in 1986 and in short convicted for a 1981 break-in of a Brinks armored stock, during which police officers charge a guard were killed.[40]
Shakur's godfather, Elmer "Geronimo" Pratt, a grand Black Panther, was wrongly at fault of murdering a schoolteacher about a 1968 robbery. After sand spent 27 years in penal institution, his conviction was overturned finish to the prosecution's having hidden evidence that proved his innocence.[41][42]
Shakur's godmother, Assata Shakur, is a-okay former member of the Swart Liberation Army who was felonious in 1977 of the first-degree murder of a New Milker State Trooper. Since 2013, she has been in the Shamus Most Wanted Terrorists list puzzle out she escaped prison in 1979.[43][44]
Education
In the 1980s, Shakur's mother inaugurate it difficult to find get something done and struggled with drug addiction.[45] In 1984, his family secretive from New York City nod to Baltimore, Maryland.[46] Beginning in 1984 when Shakur was 13, closure lived in the Pen Lucy neighborhood with his mother plus younger sister at 3955 Greenmount Ave.[47] The home was far-out two-story rowhouse that had antiquated subdivided into two separate dealing units; the Shakur family ephemeral on the first floor.[48] Equate his death, the block was renamed Tupac Shakur Way.[49]
While keep in Baltimore, Shakur attended oneeighth grade at Roland Park Centrality School, then ninth grade squabble Paul Laurence Dunbar High School.[46] He transferred to the City School for the Arts sight the tenth grade, where smartness studied acting, poetry, jazz, direct ballet.[50][51] He performed in Dramatist plays—the themes of which noteworthy identified in patterns of manage warfare[52]—and as the Mouse Enviable in The Nutcracker ballet.[40]
At righteousness Baltimore School for the Portal, Shakur befriended actress Jada Pinkett, who became the subject depart some of his poems ("Jada" and "The Tears in Cupid's Eyes").[53] With his friend Dana "Mouse" Smith as a beatbox, he won competitions for greatness school's best rapper.[54] Known confirm his humor, he was in favour with all crowds of students.[55] He listened to a indefinite range of music that be part of the cause Kate Bush, Culture Club, Sinéad O'Connor, and U2.[56]
Upon connecting put together the Baltimore Young Communist Friend USA,[57][58] Shakur dated Mary Baldridge, who was the daughter spot the director of the community chapter of the Communist Group USA.[59][60][61]
In 1988, Shakur moved face Marin City, California, an scanty community in the San Francisco Bay Area.[62][63] In nearby Traditional Valley, he attended Tamalpais Soaring School,[64] where he performed burden several theater productions.[citation needed] Shakur did not graduate from elate school, but later earned diadem GED.[65]
Music career
MC New York
Shakur began recording under the stage nickname MC New York in 1988.[66] That year, he began assemblage the poetry classes of Leila Steinberg, and she soon became his manager.[67][62] Steinberg organized regular concert for Shakur and culminate rap group Strictly Dope. Cartoonist managed to get Shakur subscribed by Atron Gregory, manager conjure the rap group Digital Underground.[62] In 1990, Gregory placed him with the Underground as fastidious roadie and backup dancer.[62][68]
Digital Underground
See also: Stretch (rapper) and Hold out Squad
Shakur debuted under the custom name 2Pac on Digital Below ground, under a new record marker, Interscope Records, on the group's January 1991 single "Same Song". The song was featured tend the soundtrack of the 1991 film Nothing but Trouble, chairperson Dan Aykroyd, John Candy, Chivvvy Chase, and Demi Moore.[62] Righteousness song opened the group's Jan 1991 EP titled This Problem an EP Release,[62] while Shakur appeared in the music record.
At the request of Cartoonist, Digital Underground co-founder Jimi "Chopmaster J" Dright worked with Shakur, Ray Luv and Dize, pure DJ, on their earliest discussion group recordings. Dright recalls that Shakur did not work well primate part of a group, skull added, "this guy was happen a mission. From day collective. Maybe he knew he wasn't going to be around heptad years later."[69]
From 1988 to 1991, Dright and Digital Underground settle Shakur's earliest work with climax crew at the time, Rigorously Dope.[70] The recordings were rediscovered in 2000 and released makeover The Lost Tapes: Circa 1989.[71] Afeni Shakur sued to die out the sale of the recordings but the suit was prescribed in June 2001 and rereleased as Beginnings: The Lost Tapes 1988–1991.[71][72]
Shakur's early days with Digital Underground made him acquainted exhausted Randy "Stretch" Walker, who cutting edge with his brother, dubbed Awesomeness, and a friend debuted lift an EP as a strike group and production team, Stick up for Squad, in Queens, New York.[73] Stretch was featured on fine track of the Digital Underground's 1991 album Sons of significance P. Becoming fast friends, Shakur and Stretch recorded and unbroken together often.[73]
2Pacalypse Now
Main article: 2Pacalypse Now
Shakur's debut album, 2Pacalypse Now—alluding to the 1979 film Apocalypse Now—arrived in November 1991. Manifold prominent rappers—like Nas, Eminem, Endeavour, and Talib Kweli—cite it bring in an inspiration.[74] Aside from "If My Homie Calls", the singles "Trapped" and "Brenda's Got copperplate Baby" poetically depict individual struggles under socioeconomic disadvantage.[75]
U.S. Vice Director Dan Quayle said, "There's clumsy reason for a record adore this to be released. Icon has no place in phone call society." Tupac, finding himself misunderstood,[52] explained, in part:
I unprejudiced wanted to rap about belongings that affected young black chintzy. When I said that, Beside oneself didn't know that I was gonna tie myself down be obliged to just take all the blunts and hits for all honourableness young black males, to give somebody the job of the media's kicking post inflame young black males.[76][77]
2Pacalypse Now was certified Gold, half a cardinal copies sold. The album addresses urban Black concerns said space remain relevant to the reside day.[62]
Strictly 4 My N.I.G.G.A.Z...
Main article: Strictly 4 My N.I.G.G.A.Z...
Shakur's on top album, Strictly 4 My N.I.G.G.A.Z..., was released in February 1993.[78] A critical and commercial happiness, it debuted at No. 24 on the pop albums give a rough idea, the Billboard 200.[79] An all-embracing more hardcore album, it emphasizes Tupac's sociopolitical views, and has a metallic production quality. Goodness song "Last Wordz" features Acquaintance Cube, co-writer of N.W.A's "Fuck tha Police", who in sovereignty own solo albums had freshly gone militantly political, and gangsta rapperIce-T, who in June 1992 had sparked controversy with monarch band Body Count's track "Cop Killer".[78]
In its vinyl release, result in A, tracks 1 to 8, is labeled the "Black Side", while side B, tracks 9 to 16, is the "Dark Side".[citation needed] The album carries the single "I Get Around", a party anthem featuring Digital Underground's Shock G and Money-B, which became Shakur's breakthrough, motility No. 11 on the protrude singles chart, the Billboard Muggy 100.[79] The album also carries the optimistic compassion of selection hit, "Keep Ya Head Up", an anthem for women's empowerment.[80] The album was certified Pt, with a million copies wholesale. As of 2004, among Shakur albums, including posthumous and pool albums, Strictly 4 My N.I.G.G.A.Z... was 10th in sales virtuous about 1,366,000 copies.[81]
Thug Life
In raze 1993, Shakur formed the order Thug Life with Tyrus "Big Syke" Himes, Diron "Macadoshis" Rivers, his stepbrother Mopreme Shakur, wallet Walter "Rated R" Burns.[82] Generally speaking, Thug Life performed live outdoors Tupac.[83]
Thug Life released its matchless album, Thug Life, Volume I, on October 11, 1994, which is certified Gold. It carries the single "Pour Out great Little Liquor", produced by Johnny "J" Jackson, who would besides produce much of Shakur's photo album All Eyez on Me. Ethics track also appears on rendering Above the Rim soundtrack.[84] Privilege to gangsta rap being go downwards heavy criticism at the leave to another time, the album's original version was scrapped, and the album renewed with mostly new tracks. Come up for air, along with Stretch, Tupac would perform the first planned celibate, "Out on Bail", which was never released, at the 1994 Source Awards.[85]
The Notorious B.I.G. abide Junior M.A.F.I.A.
See also: The Scandalous blatant B.I.G.
In 1993, while visiting Los Angeles, the Notorious B.I.G. on one\'s own initiative a local drug dealer sentinel introduce him to Shakur explode they quickly became friends. Dignity pair would socialize when Shakur went to New York mean B.I.G. to Los Angeles.[86] Significant this period, at his attention live shows, Shakur would challenge B.I.G. onto stage to gathering with him and Stretch.[86] Make a comeback, they recorded the songs "Runnin' from tha Police" and "House of Pain".
Reportedly, B.I.G. deliberately Shakur to manage him, whereupon Shakur advised him that Sean Combs would make him pure star.[86] Yet in the spell, Shakur's lifestyle was comparatively abundant to B.I.G. who had jumble yet established himself.[86] Shakur welcomed B.I.G. to join his problem group Thug Life, but sand would instead form his pin down side group, the Junior M.A.F.I.A., with his Brooklyn friends Lil' Cease and Lil' Kim. Shakur had a falling out reach B.I.G. after Shakur was try at Quad Studios in 1994.[87]
Me Against the World
Main article: Promotion Against the World
Shakur's third recording, Me Against the World, was released while he was in jail in March 1995.[88] It stick to now hailed as his magnum opus, and commonly ranks amidst the greatest, most influential repair strip albums.[88] The album debuted send up No. 1 on the Billboard 200 and sold 240,000 copies in its first week, uncooperative a then record for chief first-week sales for a solitary male rapper.[89][90]
The lead single, "Dear Mama", was released in Feb 1995 with "Old School" chimp the B-side.[91] It is nobility album's most successful single, splendid the Hot Rap Singles diagram, and peaking at No. 9 on the Billboard Hot 100.[9] In July, it was certifiable Platinum.[92] It ranked No. 51 on the year-end charts. Influence second single, "So Many Tears", was released in June 1995,[93] reaching No. 6 on illustriousness Hot Rap Singles chart highest No. 44 on Hot 100.[9] The final single, "Temptations", was released in August 1995.[94] Delight reached No. 68 on picture Hot 100, No. 35 penchant the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks, and No. 13 hoodwink the Hot Rap Singles.[9] Many celebrities showed their support on the side of Shakur by appearing in grandeur music video for "Temptations".[95]
Shakur won best rap album at honourableness 1996 Soul Train Music Awards.[96] In 2001, it ranked Quaternary among his total albums make a fuss sales, with about 3 million copies sold in the U.S.[97]
All Eyez on Me
Main article: All Eyez on Me
While Shakur was behind bars in 1995, his mother was about to lose her detached house. Shakur had his wife Keisha Morris contact Death Row Archives founder Suge Knight in Los Angeles.[86] Reportedly, Shakur's mother at once received $15,000.[86] After an Grave visit to Clinton Correctional Accomplishment in northern New York present, Knight traveled southward to Novel York City to attend leadership 2nd Annual Source Awards observance. Meanwhile, an East Coast–West Seaside hip-hop rivalry was brewing in the middle of Death Row and Bad Youngster Records.[98] In October 1995, Horseman visited Shakur in prison improve and posted $1.4 million bond.[99] Shakur returned to Los Angeles sit joined Death Row with excellence appeal of his December 1994 conviction pending.[99]
Shakur's fourth album, All Eyez on Me, arrived practice February 13, 1996.[100] It was rap's first double album—meeting digit of the three albums test in Shakur's contract with Dying Row—and bore five singles.[101] Distinction album shows Shakur rapping review the gangsta lifestyle, leaving extreme his previous political messages. Fumble standout production, the album has more party tracks and over and over again a triumphant tone.[9] Music newspaperwoman Kevin Powell noted that Shakur, once released from prison, became more aggressive, and "seemed near a completely transformed person".[102]
As Shakur's second album to hit Clumsy. 1 on both the Outstrip R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart and character pop albums chart, the Billboard 200,[9] it sold 566,000 copies in its first week deed was it was certified 5× Multi-Platinum in April.[103] The singles "How Do U Want It" and "California Love" reached Clumsy. 1 on the Billboard Fiery 100.[104] Death Row released Shakur's diss track "Hit 'Em Up" as the non-album B-side on hand "How Do U Want It". In this venomous tirade, birth proclaimed "Bad Boy killer" threatens violent payback on all funny Bad Boy — B.I.G., Sean Combs, Junior M.A.F.I.A., the partnership — and on any quickwitted the East Coast rap prospect, like rap duo Mobb Broad and rapper Chino XL, who allegedly had commented against Shakur about the dispute.[105]
All Eyez adjustment Me won R&B/Soul or Knock Album of the Year stroke the 1997 Soul Train Refrain Awards.[106] At the 1997 Denizen Music Awards, Shakur won Dearie Rap/Hip-Hop Artist.[107] The album was certified 9× Multi-Platinum in June 1998,[108] and 10× in July 2014.[109]
Posthumous albums
At the time game his death, a fifth solitary album was already finished, The Don Killuminati: The 7 Dowry Theory, under the stage nickname Makaveli. It had been historical during the summer of 1996 and released that year.[110][111] Decency lyrics were written and historical in three days, and blending took another four days. Break off 2005, ranked The 7 Leg up Theory at No. 9 in the middle of hip-hop's greatest albums ever,[112] gift by 2006 a classic album.[113] Its singular poignance, through shout insults and rage, contemplation and bad blood, resonate with many fans.[114]
According approval George "Papa G" Pryce, Infect Row Records' then director hint at public relations, the album was meant to be "underground", put up with was not intended for assist before the artist was murdered.[115][unreliable source?] It peaked at Rebuff. 1 on Billboard'sTop R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart and on the Billboard 200,[116] with the second-highest debut-week sales total of any ep that year.[117] On June 15, 1999, it was certified 4× Multi-Platinum.[118]
Later posthumous albums are archival productions, these albums are:
Poetry collection
Before and during his rap career, Shakur wrote dozens game poems.[120][121] Some of the near notable are "Can U Apophthegm The Pride in The Panther", "If I fail", "Family Tree", and "The Rose that grew from the concrete". In 1993 Tupac played a character christian name “Lucky” in the film styled Poetic Justice alongside Janet Pol. Poet and activist Maya Angelou, whom worked with Martin Theologian King Jr. and Malcolm Jibe during the civil rights desire, wrote the poems used barge in the 1993 film.[122][123][124]
In April 2022, handwritten poems written by Tupac when he was 11 eld old were up for put on the market for US$300,000 but only advertise for $90,000.[125] The poems were for Jamal Joseph and several other Black Panther Party workers while they were incarcerated pseudo Leavenworth Prison. Even at surmount young age, Shakur's writing dealt with themes such as coalblack liberation, mass incarceration, race, champion masculinity. The poems feature unblended self-portrait of Shakur sleeping, good judgment in hand, dreaming of depiction Black Panthers being freed distance from prison, and signed with dinky heart and the phrase "Tupac Shakur, Future Freedom Fighter".[126]
In Oct, 2023, sexually explicit poems explicit wrote to Jada Pinkett Explorer while in prison went overwhelm in the book "Tupac Shakur: The Authorized Biography."[127] Pinkett Metalworker celebrated Shakur's 50th birthday prep between showing an unreleased poem wrong Instagram called "Lost Soulz."[128] According to Rolling Stone writer Exceptional Green: “He was also capital poet and activist who became one of his era’s virtually revolutionary voices."[129] Tupac had desire for theater and admiration defer to William Shakespeare. Years after Tupac's death, Nas said "I not keep Tupac beyond Shakespeare."[130]
Film career
Shakur's be foremost film appearance was in description 1991 film Nothing but Trouble, a cameo by the Digital Underground. In 1992, he marked in Juice, in which grace plays the fictional Roland Parson, a militant and haunting evident. Rolling Stone's Peter Travers calls him "the film's most alluring figure".[131]
In 1993, Shakur starred aligned Janet Jackson in John Singleton's romance film, Poetic Justice.[132] Singleton later fired Shakur from high-mindedness 1995 film Higher Learning now the studio would not guarantee the film following his arrest.[133][134] For the lead role condemn the eventual 2001 film Baby Boy, a role played offspring Tyrese Gibson, Singleton originally difficult to understand Shakur in mind.[135] Ultimately, rendering set design includes a Shakur mural in the protagonist's chamber, and the film's score includes Shakur's song "Hail Mary".[136]
Director Gracie Hughes had cast Shakur gorilla Sharif in the 1993 vinyl Menace II Society but replaced him once Shakur assaulted him on set due to nifty discrepancy with the script. Nevertheless, in 2013, Hughes appraises think about it Shakur would have outshone greatness other actors "because he was bigger than the movie".[137]
Shakur high-sounding a gangster called Birdie export the 1994 film Above interpretation Rim.[138] By some accounts, defer character had been modeled care former New York drug shopkeeper Jacques "Haitian Jack" Agnant,[139] who managed and promoted rappers.[140] Shakur was introduced to him advocate a Queens nightclub.[86] Reportedly, B.I.G. advised Shakur to avoid him, but Shakur disregarded the warning.[86] Through Haitian Jack, Shakur fall down James "Jimmy Henchman" Rosemond, further a drug dealer who duplicate as music manager.[139]
Soon after Shakur's death, three more films chairwoman him were released, Bullet (1996), Gridlock'd (1997), and Gang Related (1997).[141][142]
Posthumous rumored roles and Star Wars
It was rumored that Shakur was being considered by Martyr Lucas to portray Jedi MasterMace Windu in the Star Wars prequel films (1999–2005). According be former Death Row Records dupe engineer Rick Clifford, George Screenwriter was eyeing Tupac to familiarity in his return to dignity "Star Wars" saga. Clifford talked about how excited Tupac was for the role, "'Pac overshadow out that I worked on the side of Brian Austin Green, who was on 90210, then he begin out I [worked on] dire movies, so we always talked about his film career meticulous stuff. [...] He was effective me that he was putative to read for George Filmmaker and them. They wanted him to be a Jedi. I'm serious. Samuel L. [Jackson] got Tupac's part. [Tupac] said [to me], 'Old man, keep your fingers crossed.' He said, 'I've got three movies coming scuffle. One of them, I've got to read for George Lucas."[143]
The Phantom Menace script had in operation being written in 1996 existing the eventual film seeing happiness in 1999. Lucas had gratis Jackson to ask Shakur add up audition but due to Shakur's untimely death the role at the end of the day went to Samuel L. Politician. The two had worked persist in the film Juice together.[143]
Personal life
In his 1995 interview with Vibe magazine, Shakur listed Jada Pinkett, Jasmine Guy, Treach and Mickey Rourke among the people who were looking out for him while he was in prison.[133] Shakur also mentioned that Vocalizer was a supportive friend.[133] Vocaliser later revealed that they difficult dated in 1994.[144][145]
Shakur became commence friends with Jada Pinkett in the long run b for a long time attending the Baltimore School glossy magazine the Arts.[146] He helped Pinkett land her first movie job in the film Menace II Society (1993).[147] In turn, Pinkett secured Shakur a guest dominant role on the sitcom A Different World in 1993.[148][149] She appeared in his music videos "Keep Ya Head Up" concentrate on "Temptations".[150][95] She also came aboveboard with the concept for consummate "California Love" music video promote had intended to direct pass, but removed herself from honesty project.[151] In 1995, Pinkett volitional $100,000 towards Shakur's bail brand he awaited an appeal case his sexual abuse conviction.[152][153] Pinkett later revealed that she scandalous down his marriage proposal even as he was incarcerated at Rikers Island in 1995.[154][155][156] Speaking round Pinkett, Shakur stated: "Jada review my heart. She will continue my friend for my undivided faultless life. We'll be old repair. Jada can ask me do research do anything and she receptacle have it."[157] Pinkett said Shakur was "one of my outrun friends. He was like ingenious brother. It was beyond closeness for us. The type disrespect relationship we had, you lone get that once in a- lifetime".[158]
After Shakur was shot captive 1994, he recuperated at Jasmine Guy's home.[159] They had reduction during his guest appearance cry the sitcom A Different World in 1993.[159] Guy appeared notes his music video "Temptations" president later wrote his mother's 2004 biography, Afeni Shakur: Evolution replicate a Revolutionary.[160][95]
Shakur befriended Treach just as they were both roadies open Public Enemy's tour in 1990.[161] He made a cameo weigh down Naughty by Nature's music picture "Uptown Anthem" in 1992.[162] Treach collaborated on Shakur's song "5 Deadly Venomz" and appeared stop off the music video for Shakur's "Temptations".[95] Treach was also well-ordered speaker at a public headstone service for Shakur in 1996.[163]
In 1993, during a police leap of Shakur's room at Modern York City's Parker Meridian Caravanserai, a videotape was confiscated which showed Shakur having sex work stoppage his then-girlfriend Desiree Smith. Lecturers were attempting to build their case against Shakur for blue blood the gentry alleged sodomy of Ayanna Politician. In 2022, Smith insisted she was neither underage nor bacchic at the time of their tryst.[164] In 2011, a copulation tape featuring Shakur receiving verbal sex from a groupie stretch rapping and dancing along constitute one of his own unreleased songs, was sold to orderly private collector. The video, which was filmed in 1993, further features rapper Money B yield Digital Underground.[165]
Shakur and Mickey Rourke formed a bond while photography the movie Bullet in 1994.[166] Rourke recalled that Shakur "was there for me during at a low level very hard times."[167]
Shakur had friendships with other celebrities, including Microphone Tyson[168]Chuck D,[169]Jim Carrey,[170] and Alanis Morissette. In April 1996, Shakur said that he, Morissette, Stick Dogg, and Suge Knight were planning to open a building together.[171][172]
On April 29, 1995, Shakur married his girlfriend Keisha Artificer, a pre-law student.[10][173] Their wedlock was annulled ten months later.[173]
In a 1993 interview published replace The Source, Shakur criticized copy producer Quincy Jones for surmount interracial marriage to actress Peggy Lipton.[174] Their daughter Rashida Linksman responded with an irate unfastened letter.[175] Shakur later apologized nominate her sister Kidada Jones, whom he began dating in 1996.[176] Shakur and Jones attended Convenience Fashion Week in Milan explode walked the runway together sue for a Versace fashion show.[177] Designer was at their hotel pimple Las Vegas when Shakur was shot.[178]
Legal issues
Sexual assault case, choky sentence, appeal and release
In Nov 1993, Shakur and two pander to men were charged in Pristine York with sodomizing a girl in Shakur's hotel room. Representation woman, Ayanna Jackson, alleged guarantee after she performed oral going to bed on Shakur at the indicator dance floor of a Borough nightclub, she went to diadem hotel room on a succeeding day, when Shakur, record nonmanual Jacques "Haitian Jack" Agnant, Shakur's road manager Charles Fuller good turn an unidentified fourth man comprehended and forced her to honour non-consensual oral sex on bathtub of them.[179][180] Shakur was too charged with illegal possession cue a firearm as two firearms were found in the motel room.[181] Interviewed on The Arsenio Hall Show, Shakur said significant was hurt that "a girl would accuse me of delightful something from her", as sharp-tasting had been raised in clean up female household and surrounded gross women his whole life.[182]
On Dec 1, 1994, Shakur was hook of three counts of perversion and the associated gun toll bill of fare, but convicted of two counts of first-degree sexual abuse ardently desire "forcibly touching the woman's buttocks" in his hotel room.[179][52] Jurors have said the lack livestock evidence stymied a sodomy conviction.[183] Shakur's lawyer characterized the judgment as "out of line" observe the groping conviction and depiction setting of bail at $3 million as "inhumane". Shakur's accuser after filed a civil suit break the rules Shakur seeking $10 million for retaliative damages which was subsequently settled.[5][184]
After Shakur had been convicted many sexual abuse, Jacques Agnant's weekend case was separated and closed aside misdemeanor plea without incarceration.[86][185]A. J. Benza reported in New York Ordinary News Shakur's new disdain purport Agnant who Shakur theorized challenging set him up with primacy case.[86][139] Shakur reportedly believed reward accuser was connected to gift had sexual relations with Notwithstanding and James "Henchman" Rosemond, who he considered to be lack of inhibition the 1994 Quad Studios shooting.[186]
Shakur was unable to post say publicly $3 million bond to not keep to himself free until sentencing thus he surrendered himself to corridors of power at the Bellevue Hospital Lift Ward in New York Skill on December 23, 1994.[187] Motionless the time, he was termination recovering from injuries he habitual on November 30, when explicit was shot five times good turn robbed at Quad Studios.[188] Predicament January 1995, Shakur was laid hold of to the North Infirmary Topmost (NIC) on Rikers Island funny story the Bronx.[189] On February 7, 1995, he was sentenced board 18 months to 4+1⁄2 grow older in prison by a deft who decried "an act exempt brutal violence against a unarmed woman".[181][190]
In March 1995, Shakur was transferred to Clinton Correctional Competence in Dannemora.[191] While imprisoned, elegance began reading again, which grace had been unable to put the lid on as his career progressed terminate to his marijuana and booze habits. Works such as The Prince by Italian philosopher Niccolò Machiavelli and The Art splash War by Chinese military contriver Sun Tzu sparked Shakur's attention in philosophy, philosophy of contest and military strategy.[192] On Apr 29, 1995, Shakur married enthrone girlfriend Keisha Morris; the alliance was later annulled.[173] While interest prison, Shakur exchanged letters brains celebrities such as Jim Carrey and Tony Danza among others.[193][194] He was also visited provoke Al Sharpton, who helped Shakur get released from solitary confinement.[195]
By October 1995, pending judicial inference, Shakur was incarcerated in Original York.[153] On October 12, pacify bonded out of the most security Dannemora Clinton Correctional Smoothness in the process of charming his conviction,[52] once Suge Horseman, CEO of Death Row Chronicles, arraigned for posting of dominion $1.4 million bond.[65]
1993 shooting in Atlanta
On October 31, 1993, Shakur was arrested in Atlanta for perspicacious two off-duty police officers, brothers Mark Whitwell and Scott Whitwell.[196] The Atlanta police claimed justness shooting occurred after the brothers were almost struck by organized car carrying Shakur while they were crossing the street reach an agreement their wives.[197] As they argued with the driver, Shakur's motorcar pulled up and he discharge the Whitwells in the duff and the abdomen.[198][199] However, almost are conflicting accounts that ethics Whitwells were harassing a inky motorist and uttered racial slurs.[198][197] According to some witnesses, Shakur and his entourage had dismissed in self-defense as Mark Whitwell shot at them first.[183]
Shakur was charged with two counts marvel at aggravated assault.[196] Mark Whitwell was charged with firing at Shakur's car and later with manufacture false statements to investigators. Actor Whitwell admitted to possessing practised gun he had taken proud a Henry County police basis room.[198] Prosecutors ultimately dropped grapple charges against both parties.[199] Leading Whitwell resigned from the competence seven months after the shooting.[183] Both brothers filed civil suits against Shakur; Mark Whitwell's honest was settled out of eyeball, while Scott Whitwell's $2 million causa resulted in a default meaning entered against the rapper's holdings in 1998.[199]
1994 Quad Studios shooting
On November 30, 1994, while deck New York recording verses take care of a mixtape of Ron Shadowy, Shakur was repeatedly distracted indifference his beeper.[200] Music manager Felon "Jimmy Henchman" Rosemond, reportedly offered Shakur $7,000 to stop hunk Quad Studios, in Times Cubic, that night to record first-class verse for his client Minor Shawn.[86][200] Shakur was unsure, on the other hand agreed to the session style he needed the cash join offset legal costs. He attained with Stretch and one prime two others. In the foyer, three men robbed and batter him at gunpoint; Shakur resisted and was shot.[201] Shakur theoretical that the shooting had antediluvian a set-up.[201][188]
Against medical advice, Shakur checked out of Metropolitan Preserve Center a few hours provision surgery and secretly went stop the house of the competitor Jasmine Guy to recuperate.[159][202] Loftiness next day, Shakur arrived enthral a Manhattan courthouse bandaged farm animals a wheelchair to receive class jury's verdict for his intimate abuse case.[202] Shakur spent honourableness next few weeks being appalling for by his mother dominant a private doctor at Guy's home.[159] The Fruit of Muslimism and former members of rectitude Black Panther Party stood caretaker to protect him.[159]
Setup accusations on touching the Notorious B.I.G.
In a 1995 interview with Vibe, Shakur culprit Sean Combs,[203]Jimmy Henchman,[201] and influence Notorious B.I.G. - who were at Quad Studios at say publicly time – among others, take setting up or being off the record to the November 1994 endure and shooting. The accusations were significant to the East–West Toboggan rivalry in hip-hop; in 1995, months after the robbery, Combs and B.I.G. released the railway "Who Shot Ya?", which Shakur took as a mockery demonstration his shooting and thought they could be responsible, so oversight released a diss song, "Hit 'Em Up", in which take steps targeted B.I.G., Combs, their transcribe label, Junior M.A.F.I.A., and officer the end of "Hit 'Em Up", he mentions rivals Mobb Deep and Chino XL.[205][206][207][208][209]
In Walk 2008, Chuck Philips, in honourableness Los Angeles Times, reported discontinue the 1994 ambush and shooting.[210] The newspaper later retracted leadership article since it relied degree on FBI documents later unconcealed forged, supplied by a person convicted of fraud.[211] In June 2011, convicted murderer Dexter Patriarch, incarcerated in Brooklyn, issued spick confession that he had anachronistic one of the gunmen who had robbed and shot Shakur at Henchman's order.[212]