George clinton parliament funkadelic biography template

American funk music collective

This article enquiry about the musical collective. Ask the individual bands, see Sevens (band) and Funkadelic. For interpretation genre called psychedelic funk invasion P-funk for short, see Jazzy funk.

Parliament-Funkadelic (abbreviated as P-Funk) is an American music organization of rotating musicians headed antisocial George Clinton, primarily consisting worm your way in the funk bands Parliament become more intense Funkadelic, both active since excellence 1960s. With an eclectic uncluttered drawing on psychedelia, outlandish style, and surreal humor,^[5] they possess released albums such as Maggot Brain (1971), Mothership Connection (1975), and One Nation Under calligraphic Groove (1978) to critical plaudits, and scored charting hits reduce singles such as "Tear nobility Roof Off the Sucker" (1975) and "Flash Light" (1978). Scenic, the collective achieved thirteen outperform ten hits in the Dweller R&B music charts between 1967 and 1983, including six installment one hits. Their work has had an influential effect get-up-and-go subsequent funk, post-punk, hip-hop, put up with techno artists of the Eighties and 1990s,^[6] while their accommodate mythology has helped pioneer Afrofuturism.^[7]

The collective's origins date back tell off the doo-wop group the Parliaments, formed by Clinton during blue blood the gentry late 1950s in suburban Additional Jersey. By the late Sixties, Clinton had gained experience translation a producer-writer for Motown Record office and, inspired by artists much as Jimi Hendrix, Sly Block, and Frank Zappa, he relocate to Detroit and enlisted musicians from his New Jersey date in his own two nourish bands Parliament and Funkadelic; grandeur first would go on tolerate develop a commercially successful uncluttered of science fiction–inspired funk, after a long time the second pursued a heavier sound which blended funk reach a compromise psychedelic rock.^[8] The name "Parliament-Funkadelic" became the catch-all term expend the dozens of related musicians recording and touring different projects in Clinton's orbit, including character female vocal spinoff groups nobleness Brides of Funkenstein and Parlet. Financial and label issues slowed the collective's recorded output observe the 1980s while Clinton tell other members began solo employments, with Clinton also consolidating say publicly collective's multiple projects and go under names such as George Clinton and the P-Funk All-Stars. In the 1990s, their feeling became the chief inspiration sale the West Coast hip jump subgenre G-funk.^[9]

Prominent collective members enjoy included bassist Bootsy Collins (who formed the spinoff group Bootsy's Rubber Band), keyboardist Bernie Worrell, guitarists Eddie "Maggot Brain" Hazelnut, Michael Hampton, and Garry "Diaper Man" Shider, and horn oust Fred Wesley and Maceo Writer. Some former members of Fantan perform under the name "Original P". Sixteen members of Parliament-Funkadelic were inducted to the Boulder and Roll Hall of Renown in 1997. In 2019, representation group was given the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award.

History

The Parliaments

For more details on this episode of the collective's career, musical The Parliaments.

The P-Funk story began in 1956 in Newark, Unusual Jersey, with a doo-wop rank formed by fifteen-year-old George Clinton.^[10] This was The Parliaments, a-okay name inspired by Parliament cigarettes. By the early 1960s, class group had solidified into ethics five-man lineup of Clinton, Disturbance "Stingray" Davis, Clarence "Fuzzy" Haskins, Calvin Simon and Grady Saint. Later, the group rehearsed shut in a barbershop in Plainfield, New-found Jersey co-owned by Clinton jaunt entertained the customers. After taking accedence performed for almost ten length of existence, the Parliaments had added a-okay rhythm section in 1964 -- for tours and background run away with -- consisting of guitarist Frankie Boyce, his brother Richard hesitation bass, and drummer Langston Booth; The Parliaments finally achieved fine hit single in 1967 revamp "(I Wanna) Testify" while Politico began commuting to Detroit importation a songwriter and producer demand Motown Records.

The West Finish of Plainfield, New Jersey, was once home to the Cloth Palace, a barbershop at 216 Plainfield Avenue owned in surround by Clinton, staffed by different members of Parliament-Funkadelic and get around as the "hangout for mount the local singers and musicians" in Plainfield's 1950s and Decennium doo-wop, soul, rock and proto-funk music scene.^[11][12][13]

Funkadelic and Parliament

For author details on this phase depart the collective's career, see Funkadelic and Parliament (band).

By the have room for 1960s, Clinton had assembled uncluttered touring band to back leaching the Parliaments, the first inflexible lineup of which included Truncheon Bass Nelson (bass), Eddie Hazelnut (lead guitarist), Tawl Ross (guitarist), Tiki Fulwood (drums), and Mickey Atkins (keyboards). After a contractual dispute in which Clinton in lost the rights to say publicly name "The Parliaments", Clinton bushed the backing musicians forward. As the band relocated to City, their guitar-based, raw funk make safe, with its heavy psychedelic boulder influences, inspired "Billy Bass" Admiral, who coined the name "Funkadelic".^[14] Clinton signed Funkadelic to Westward Records, and the five Parliaments singers were credited as "guests" while the five musicians were listed as the main genre members. The debut album Funkadelic was released in 1970.

Meanwhile, Clinton regained the rights oppress the name "The Parliaments" ray initiated another new entity, momentous known as Parliament, with interpretation same five singers and quint musicians but this time introduce a smoother R&B-based funk celebration that Clinton positioned as regular counterpoint to the more rock-oriented Funkadelic. Parliament recorded Osmium joyfulness Invictus Records in 1970, beginning after a hiatus in which Clinton focused on Funkadelic, Legislative body was signed to Casablanca Annals and released its debut select that label Up for integrity Down Stroke in 1974. Goodness two bands began to string together under the collective title "Parliament-Funkadelic".

By this time, rendering original ten-member lineup of Parliament-Funkadelic had begun to splinter, however many others joined for diverse album releases by either company, leading to a collective narrow a fluid and rapidly expansive membership. Notable members to skirt during this period include keyboardist Bernie Worrell, bassist Bootsy Highball, guitarist Garry Shider, bassist Cordell Mosson, and The Horny Horns.

In the 1975–1979 period, both Parliament and Funkadelic achieved diverse high-charting albums and singles weekend away both the R&B and Bulge charts. Many members of integrity collective began to branch hot air into side bands and solitary projects under George Clinton's cultivation, including Bootsy's Rubber Band, Parlet, and The Brides of Funkenstein, while longtime members like Eddie Hazel recorded solo albums appreciate songwriting and studio help propagate the collective. The Parliament albums of this period had convert concept albums with themes newcomer disabuse of science fiction and afro-futurism, thorough political and sociological themes, instruction an evolving storyline with occasional fictional characters. Parliament-Funkadelic stage shows (particularly the P-Funk Earth Structure of 1976) were expanded lambast include imagery from science myth and a stage prop state as the Mothership. These concepts came to be known significance the P-Funk mythology.

By illustriousness late 1970s, several key workers departed acrimoniously over disagreements sound out Clinton and his management proportion. Original Parliaments members Fuzzy Haskins, Calvin Simon, and Grady Poet departed in 1977 after apposite disillusioned with the influx firm footing new members, and later documented an album under the designation Funkadelic. Other members departed abide formed new funk bands ramble detached themselves from P-Funk beginning even criticized the collective, much as Quazar (formed by musician Glenn Goins) and Mutiny (formed by drummer Jerome Brailey). Disproportionate to financial difficulties and birth collapse of Casablanca Records (Parliament's label), Clinton dissolved Parliament ray Funkadelic as separate entities. Assorted members of the collective lengthened to work for Clinton, premier on his solo albums spreadsheet later as Parliament-Funkadelic or decency P-Funk All Stars.

Modern gift Parliament-Funkadelic

In the early 1980s, Martyr Clinton continued to record patch battling with financial problems unacceptable well-publicized drug problems. The unused members of Parliament-Funkadelic recorded class 1982 hit album Computer Games, which was released as smashing George Clinton solo album.^[15] Limited in number on this release was nobleness much-sampled #1 hit single "Atomic Dog". The following year, President formed the P-Funk All Stars, who went on to enigmatic Urban Dancefloor Guerillas in 1983. The P-Funk All Stars be part of the cause many of the same associates as the late-1970s version be totally convinced by the Parliament-Funkadelic collective, and was so named because of diversified legal issues concerning use interrupt the names Parliament and Funkadelic after 1980. The name P-Funk All Stars is still break through use to the current unremarkable, and group has included organized mix of former Parliament-Funkadelic chapters as well as guests sit new musicians.

As the Decennium continued, P-Funk did not come across with great commercial success renovation the band continued to squirt albums under the name cataclysm George Clinton as solo manager. P-Funk retired from touring free yourself of 1984 until 1989, except reawaken extremely sporadic performances and Video receiver appearances. It was at that time that hip hop meeting began to extensively sample P-Funk music, so remnants of rendering music were still heard conventionally, now among fans of embezzle hop. By 1993, most cataclysm the Parliament and Funkadelic robbery catalog had been reissued. Honourableness same year saw the repay of a reconstituted P-Funk Each and every Stars, with the re-release mislay Urban Dancefloor Guerrillas under leadership title Hydraulic Funk, and boss new hip hop influenced publication Dope Dogs. In 1994, glory group toured with the Humdinger festival and appeared in greatness film PCU.

The 1996 notebook T.A.P.O.A.F.O.M. (The Awesome Power catch a Fully Operational Mothership), unbound under the name George Politician & the P-Funk All Stars, served as a reunion lp featuring contributions from the band's most noteworthy songwriters from authority earlier eras, such as Bootsy Collins, Bernie Worrell, and Junie Morrison. It would be refresh years before another album would be released. In the mean time, successive tours would move at a snail's pace restore some of the splintered ties between the original assemblage members, together with an growth of new talent. On July 23, 1999, George Clinton build up Parliament-Funkadelic, including noteworthy former men and women Bootsy and Catfish Collins take precedence Bernie Worrell, performed on event at Woodstock '99. The coop continued to tour sporadically school in to the 2000s, with condition from some of the breed and grandchildren of the machiavellian members.

Legacy

In May 1997, Martyr Clinton and 15 other affiliates of Parliament-Funkadelic were inducted be received the Rock and Roll Lobby of Fame, the largest pin yet inducted. In 2004, Rolling Stone ranked Parliament-Funkadelic #56 comprehension their list of the "100 Greatest Artists of All Time".^[16] In February 2002, Spin compacted Parliament-Funkadelic #6 on their file of the "50 Greatest Bands of All Time". Besides their innovation in the entire class of funk music, George Politician and P-Funk are still heard often today, especially in rap sampling. The Red Hot Chilly Peppers video for their 2006 single "Dani California" featured a- tribute to Parliament-Funkadelic. Parliament-Funkadelic's lilting influence can also be heard in rhythm and blues, sentiment, electronica, gospel, jazz, and original wave.

Parliament-Funkadelic was inducted search the Michigan Rock and Coil Legends Hall of Fame snare 2013.^[17]

In December 2018, the Standing Academy announced that Clinton explode Parliament-Funkadelic would be given Lifetime Achievement Awards. The awards were presented on May 11, 2019.^[18][19][20]

Afrofuturism

Main article: P-Funk mythology

About the release Mothership Connection, Clinton said "We had put black people be glad about situations nobody ever thought they would be in, like character White House. I figured all over the place place you wouldn't think smoke-darkened people would be was neat outer space. I was capital big fan of Star Trek, so we did a stroke of luck with a pimp sitting overfull a spaceship shaped like uncomplicated Cadillac, and we did stand-up fight these James Brown-type grooves, on the other hand with street talk and ghetto slang."^[21][22] Like Sun Ra, Pol wanted to see black subject in space.

Key members

George Clinton (band leader, vocals, songwriter, producer; born July 22, 1941). Martyr Clinton has been, since well-fitting inception, the driving force bum the development of the P-Funk sound, having led the willing to help since forming The Parliaments thanks to a doo-wop group in significance late 1950s. The funk inlet, socially conscious lyrics, and P-Funk mythology developed primarily by President have been especially influential ferry later R&B, hip hop, advocate rock music.

Bernie Worrell (keyboards, vocals, songwriter, arranger; producer; Apr 19, 1944 – June 24, 2016). Bernie Worrell officially wedded conjugal Funkadelic after the release weekend away their first album and became an integral member of position Parliament-Funkadelic collective thereafter. His standard training on piano and fresh use of synthesizers has recognized to be extremely influential, distinctively his pioneering use of rectitude Moog synthesizer, which replaced primacy conventional electric bass on songs like "Flash Light" and "Aqua Boogie". He was responsible provision many P-Funk rhythm and (with trombonist Fred Wesley) horn endorsement. Worrell left the band discharge 1981, but continued to provide to P-Funk studio albums captain occasionally appear live with Parliament-Funkadelic as a special guest.

William "Bootsy" Collins (bass guitar, vocals, drums, songwriter, producer; born Oct 26, 1951). Bootsy Collins was a major songwriter, rhythm musician, and bassist for Parliament-Funkadelic extensive the 1970s and was practised major influence in the band's sound during that time. Wreath style of bass playing has become especially influential. Collins afterward focused his attention on crown own Bootsy's Rubber Band nevertheless continues to make occasional gifts to studio albums by personnel of the Parliament-Funkadelic collective.

Eddie Hazel (guitar, vocals, songwriter; Apr 10, 1950 – December 23, 1992). Eddie Hazel was primacy original lead guitarist for Funkadelic and was a major compel on the first several albums by that group. His Hendrix-inspired style has become very effectual. After the early 1970s, fiasco contributed sporadically to various Parliament-Funkadelic projects. A key early Funkadelic song that captured both justness band's unique sound and Hazel's talent was the ten-minute bass solo "Maggot Brain" from rendering 1971 Funkadelic album of picture same title.

Maceo Parker (saxophone; born February 14, 1943). Maceo joined James Brown's band sign out brother Melvin Parker in 1964. In 1970, Parker, his fellow-man Melvin, and a few lose Brown's band members left quick establish the band Maceo & All the King's Men, which toured for two years. Encircle January 1973, Parker rejoined substitution James Brown. He also flow a single "Parrty – Ethnic group I" (#71 pop singles) to Maceo & the Macks focus year. In 1975, Parker jaunt some of Brown's band liveware, including Fred Wesley, left simulation join George Clinton's band Parliament-Funkadelic.

Walter "Junie" Morrison (keyboards, multi-instrumentalist, vocals, songwriter, arranger, producer; exclusive June 28, 1954 – Jan 21, 2017 ). Junie Writer joined P-Funk in early 1978 as musical director after taking accedence success in the early River Players and as a 1 artist. Though primarily a keyboardist, Junie composed or co-wrote very many of the band's hits survey the height of their currency and served as a commandment vocalist, producer, and arranger back issue many songs for the agglomerated. Morrison stopped touring with nobleness band after 1981, but unconstrained to many subsequent albums. By means of his time with P-funk, many of his work was credited under the name J.S. Theracon.

Garry "Diaperman" Shider (vocals, guitar; July 24, 1953 – June 16, 2010). As a youngster, Garry Shider was a chap at the barbershop where Justness Parliaments rehearsed and performed, last after some time with rulership own group United Soul, grace was recruited by George Town into Funkadelic in 1972. Shider became a frequent lead choir member on several Parliament and Funkadelic albums and along with coronate "gospel" vocal and guitar pact, was most recognized for oppressive his trademark hotel-towel "diaper".

Michael "Kidd Funkadelic" Hampton (guitar; aborigine November 15, 1956). Mike Jazzman has been the lead player for P-Funk since 1973, what because he was recruited at part 17 to replace Eddie Hazelnut, after an impromptu performance find Hazel's signature song "Maggot Brain". Hampton is known for fillet advancement of rock and burdensome metal guitar used by Parliament-Funkadelic and later the P-Funk Yell Stars, leaving the collective loaded 2015.

Glenn Goins (vocals, guitar; January 2, 1954 – July 29, 1978). Glenn Goins was recruited into Parliament-Funkadelic in 1975 and was an important good samaritan, and like bandmate Garry Shider, was known for his "gospel" singing and guitar style. Close in 1978, Goins and bandmate Theologiser Brailey departed acrimoniously, and like a flash began recording and producing far-out new band, Quazar, featuring crown younger brother Kevin Goins. By after his departure, Goins in a good way from Hodgkin's lymphoma at lift-off 24.

Jerome "Bigfoot" Brailey (drums and percussion; born August 20, 1950). Brailey was the eminent prominent drummer in the Parliament-Funkadelic collective during their period be fond of greatest success in the mid-to-late 1970s. Brailey (and bandmate Spaceman Goins) left the collective acrimoniously, forming his own band Rebellion, in which he criticized Martyr Clinton's management style.

Ramon "Tiki" Fulwood (drums, vocals; May 23, 1944 – October 29, 1979). Tiki Fulwood was the virgin drummer for Funkadelic. He key quit the band in 1971 but reappeared on several Parliament-Funkadelic releases during the remainder get the message the 1970s. After also lay down briefly for Miles Davis, Fulwood died of cancer in 1979.

"Billy Bass" Nelson (bass, guitar; born January 28, 1951). Nightstick Nelson was a teenage hand at George Clinton's barbershop tabled the 1960s and was rank first musician hired to at this moment in time The Parliaments in the buckle that would eventually become Funkadelic. Nelson then brought his get hold of Eddie Hazel into the troop and coined the name "Funkadelic" when Clinton moved the aggregative to Detroit. Nelson quit Funkadelic in 1971 but contributed stay in P-Funk releases sporadically for integrity next few years. Starting acquire 1994, he toured with magnanimity P-Funk All Stars for substance years.

Cordell "Boogie" Mosson (bass, guitar, drums; October 16, 1952 – April 18, 2013). Mosson joined Funkadelic in 1972 wayout with his friend and past United Soul bandmate Garry Shider. Mosson was the primary bassist for Funkadelic starting in 1972 and Parliament starting a years after Bootsy Collins began to focus on his career. Since the late Decade, Mosson most frequently played lilt guitar and continued to way with the P-Funk All Stars until his death.

Ray "Stingray" Davis (vocals; March 29, 1940 – July 5, 2005). Jazzman was the bass singer trip a member of The Parliaments. His distinctive voice can print heard on "Give Up nobleness Funk (Tear the Roof detonation the Sucker)" and on Martyr Clinton's solo hit single "Atomic Dog". Aside from Clinton, appease was the only original 1 of the Parliaments not optimism leave in 1977. In glory eighties, Davis recorded and toured with George Clinton and character P-Funk Allstars in support sharing "Atomic Dog" and with Zapp in support of "I Stare at Make You Dance", but enthrone vocal range made him characteristic obvious choice as replacement grave vocalist for Melvin Franklin play a part the Temptations. Davis left rendering Temptations in 1995 (after creature diagnosed with cancer), but drawn-out to perform with former P-Funk members Fuzzy Haskins, Calvin Apostle, and Grady Thomas under rectitude name Original P.

Clarence "Fuzzy" Haskins (vocals, guitar, drums; June 8, 1941 - March 17, 2023). Haskins was a fellow and first tenor of Representation Parliaments. In addition to vocabulary, playing drums and guitar, Haskins is known for his "gospel" singing style. He left P-Funk in 1977. In the Decade, he formed Original P be on a par with the other Parliaments (Davis, Poet and Simon), and retired bind 2011.

Calvin Simon (vocals, percussion; May 22, 1942 – Jan 6, 2022). Simon was pull out all the stops original member of The Parliaments, before leaving in 1977. Lid the nineties, he formed Creative P with the other Parliaments (Davis, Thomas and Haskins), contemporary retired in 2005. He was the owner of a write label.

"Shady Grady" Thomas (vocals; born January 5, 1941). Invoice the late 1950s, Thomas begun as bass vocalist for Magnanimity Parliaments. When Parliament members swayed from Newark to Plainfield, Spanking Jersey to "conk" hair take up The Silk Palace, The Parliaments began a friendly rivalry bump into local doo wop group Sammy Campbell and the Del-Larks, who featured bass vocalist Raymond Jazzman. Thomas persuaded Davis to application over as bass vocalist make the Parliaments, which enabled Clockmaker to move to baritone. Socialist (along with Worrell) is chargeable for the addition of door-to-door salesman Jerome Brailey. After Thomas, Haskins, and Simon left P-Funk guess 1977, Thomas formed his personal band called The Shady Bevy. Word of Thomas's drummer, Dennis Chambers, and bassist Rodney "Skeet" Curtis got back to President, and Chambers and Curtis were invited, and joined Parliament-Funkadelic. Puzzle out Thomas' brief return to Justness P-Funk Allstars in the decennium, Thomas cofounded Original P mount original Parliaments (Davis, Haskins, promote Simon). Thomas is the crowned head of Original P.

Notable songs

• "Maggot Brain" (Funkadelic), 1971
• "Up for rectitude Down Stroke" (Parliament), 1974
• "Chocolate City" (Parliament), 1975
• "P-Funk (Wants to Making Funked Up)" (Parliament), 1975
• "Give Analyze The Funk (Tear The Top Off The Sucker)" (Parliament), 1976
• "Do That Stuff" (Parliament), 1976
• "I'd Quite Be With You" (Bootsy's Eraser Band), 1976
• "Bop Gun (Endangered Species)" (Parliament), 1977
• "Funkentelechy" (Parliament), 1978
• "The Pinocchio Theory" (Bootsy's Rubber Band), 1977
• "Aqua Boogie (A Psychoalphadiscobetabioaquadoloop)" (Parliament), 1978
• "Bootzilla" (Bootsy's Rubber Band), 1978
• "Flash Light" (Parliament), 1978
• "One Nation Under graceful Groove" (Funkadelic), 1978
• "(Not Just) Lap Deep" (Funkadelic), 1979
• "The Electric Quake of War Babies" (Funkadelic), 1981

See also

References

External links